In electronics H-bridge circuit refers to a configuration consisting of four individual switching devices like transistors or mosfets, such that these can be switched through external discrete signals from respective stages of the involved control circuit.
The above configuration is bridged or rigged in a form which resembles the letter "H" and hence the name H-bridge.
The above special formation has a specific reason behind it.
Looking at the circuit diagram we see that the two arms of the bridge consists devices which are complementary to each other.
While switching, the complementary pairs from each of the arms switch together, meaning the NPN device from the left arm and the PNP device from the right arm of the bridge conduct together in response to an external applied signal.
Similarly the other complementary follow the switching pattern and the two pairs conduct in tandem at a given frequency.
The arrangement generates a push pull effect in the connected transformer winding of the inverter which in turn generates a required one full cycle of AC at the output of the transformer.
The H-bridge configuration has another great advantage with respect to the making of modified sine wave inverters.
The special arrangement of the devices make it possible for driving the devices through two individual signal sources, one which decides the switching rate of the output while the other decides the RMS value of the output from the transformer.
The given circuit idea shows how a H-bridge circuit may be designed for a particular modified sine wave inverter application.
The two gates carry the 50 Hz signal from the source to T1 and T3 such that they conduct alternately.
Transistors T2 and T4 ae fed with the PWM pulses which switch ON together, however when T1 is conducting, T2 should remain shut OFF and similarly when T3 conducts T4 should remain OFF, the two diodes from the respective NAND gates takes care of the issue and allow only the relevant transistors to carry out the PWM switching.
Thus the NPN transistors are responsible for producing the regular 50 or 60 Hz pulses while the PNP transistors are responsible for breaking the square waves as per the PWM sections.
The resultant pulses generate the exact intended, optimized modified sine wave waveform at the output of the transformer.
The above configuration is bridged or rigged in a form which resembles the letter "H" and hence the name H-bridge.
The above special formation has a specific reason behind it.
Looking at the circuit diagram we see that the two arms of the bridge consists devices which are complementary to each other.
While switching, the complementary pairs from each of the arms switch together, meaning the NPN device from the left arm and the PNP device from the right arm of the bridge conduct together in response to an external applied signal.
Similarly the other complementary follow the switching pattern and the two pairs conduct in tandem at a given frequency.
The arrangement generates a push pull effect in the connected transformer winding of the inverter which in turn generates a required one full cycle of AC at the output of the transformer.
The H-bridge configuration has another great advantage with respect to the making of modified sine wave inverters.
The special arrangement of the devices make it possible for driving the devices through two individual signal sources, one which decides the switching rate of the output while the other decides the RMS value of the output from the transformer.
The given circuit idea shows how a H-bridge circuit may be designed for a particular modified sine wave inverter application.
The two gates carry the 50 Hz signal from the source to T1 and T3 such that they conduct alternately.
Transistors T2 and T4 ae fed with the PWM pulses which switch ON together, however when T1 is conducting, T2 should remain shut OFF and similarly when T3 conducts T4 should remain OFF, the two diodes from the respective NAND gates takes care of the issue and allow only the relevant transistors to carry out the PWM switching.
Thus the NPN transistors are responsible for producing the regular 50 or 60 Hz pulses while the PNP transistors are responsible for breaking the square waves as per the PWM sections.
The resultant pulses generate the exact intended, optimized modified sine wave waveform at the output of the transformer.
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